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Glam metal (also known as hair metal, sleaze metal and often used synonymously with pop metal)〔("Hair metal" ), ''AllMusic''. Retrieved November 2014.〕 is a subgenre of hard rock and heavy metal. It combines elements of those genres with punk rock and pop music, adding catchy hooks and guitar riffs, while borrowing from the aesthetic of 1970s glam rock. The style can be traced back to acts like Aerosmith, the Alice Cooper group, Boston, Cheap Trick, Kiss, The New York Dolls, and Van Halen.〔S. Davis, ''Watch You Bleed: The Saga of Guns N' Roses'' (New York, NY: Gotham Books, 2008), ISBN 978-1-59240-377-6, p. 30.〕 It arose in the late 1970s and early 1980s in the United States, particularly on the Los Angeles Sunset Strip music scene, pioneered by bands such as Mötley Crüe, Quiet Riot, Ratt and New Jersey band Bon Jovi. It was popular throughout the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s, bringing to prominence bands including Poison, Cinderella, and Warrant. Glam metal was also associated with flashy clothing and makeup. Poison, for example, had long shaggy or backcombed hair, accessories, metal studs, leather and make-up during their live performances. The genre lost mainstream interest in the late 1980s as the perceived excesses of glam metal created a backlash against the genre.〔E. Danville and C. Mott, ''The Official Heavy Metal Book of Lists'' (Fayetteville, AR: University of Arkansas Press, 2009), ISBN 0-87930-983-0, p. 16.〕〔M. G. Hurd, ''Women Directors and their Films'' (London: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2007), ISBN 0-275-98578-4, p. 79.〕 A factor in its decline was the rise of grunge in the early 1990s, which had a stripped-down aesthetic and a complete rejection of the glam metal visual style. It has enjoyed a revival since the beginning of the new millennium with reunions of many popular acts from the genre's 1980s heyday, as well as the retro styling of new bands including The Darkness from the UK and Steel Panther from Los Angeles. ==Characteristics== Musically, glam metal uses traditional heavy metal songs, incorporating elements of hard rock and punk rock,〔 while adding pop-influenced catchy hooks and guitar riffs.〔〔C. Smith, ''101 Albums that Changed Popular Music'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009), ISBN 0-19-537371-5, pp. 160–2.〕 Like other heavy metal songs of the 1980s, they often feature shred guitar solos.〔D. Bukszpan, ''The Encyclopedia of Heavy Metal'' (London: Barnes & Noble Publishing, 2003), ISBN 0-7607-4218-9, p. 63.〕 They also include extensive use of harmonies, particularly in the characteristic power ballads — slow, emotional songs that gradually build to a strong finale.〔G. T. Pillsbury, ''Damage Incorporated: Metallica and the Production of Musical Identity'' (New York, NY: CRC Press, 2006), ISBN 0-415-97374-0, p. 45.〕 These were among the most commercially successful singles in the genre and opened it up to a wider audience that would not have been attracted to traditional heavy metal. Lyrical themes often deal with love and lust, concerns inherited from blues music, with songs often directed at a particular woman.〔 Aesthetically glam metal draws heavily on the glam rock or glitter rock of the 1970s,〔P. Auslander, ''Performing Glam Rock: Gender and Theatricality in Popular Music'' (Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 2006), ISBN 0-7546-4057-4, p. 232.〕 often with very long backcombed hair, use of make-up, gaudy clothing and accessories (chiefly consisting of tight denim or leather jeans, spandex, and headbands).〔D. Bukszpan, ''The Encyclopedia of Heavy Metal'' (London: Barnes & Noble Publishing, 2003), ISBN 0-7607-4218-9, p. 60.〕 The visual aspects of glam metal appealed to music television producers, particularly MTV, whose establishment coincided with the rise of the genre.〔 Glam metal performers became infamous for their debauched lifestyles of drugs, strippers and late-night parties, which were widely covered in the tabloid press.〔R. Batchelor and S. Stoddart, ''The 1980s'' (London: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2007), ISBN 0-313-33000-X, p. 121.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Glam metal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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